Anesthetic induction chambers used for medical research are a substantial source of waste anesthetic gas (WAG). Ideally, any generated waste gas should be actively vented away from personnel operating ...

Cotton rats (Sigmodon hispidus) are widely used as animal models for infectious disease and immunological research. They emulate many aspects of human disease pathogenesis, and the introduction of ...

Inhaled anesthetic agents include nitrous oxide (the oldest of all anesthetics) and various halogenated agents: desflurane (halogenated solely with fluorine—halogenation increases potency and is ...

Intravenous (i.v.) anesthetics include etomidate, midazolam, propofol, thiopental, ketamine, and opioid agonists. The first four agents act by enhancing the activity of the inhibitory neurotransmitter ...