Six critical steps are involved in the manufacturing of semiconductors. These steps include deposition, photoresist, lithography, etch, ionization and packaging. This article discusses several ...

Dot and cross diagrams help us to model when ions are formed from atoms. Here’s an example using sodium and chlorine. They form ions which bond to form sodium chloride. 2. Work out how many electrons ...

Lithium-ion batteries are used in smartphones, laptops, electric cars, and stationary energy storage systems. Although their ...

Tight junctions are intercellular adhesion complexes in epithelia and endothelia that control paracellular permeability. This paracellular diffusion barrier is semipermeable: it is size- and ...

Hybrid electric vehicles, cell phones, digital cameras, and the Mars Curiosity rover are just a few of the many devices that use rechargeable lithium-ion batteries. Now a team of researchers has a ...

The work, led by Chunsheng Wang at the University of Maryland, offers a relatively simple way to make lithium-ion batteries more durable using standard materials and ...