For certain high-security devices, such as card readers, ATMs, and hardware security modules, normal physical security isn’t ...

Light beamed through fiber can be used to test and monitor fiber networks. It is also increasingly being used as a sophisticated sensor for the world around the fiber cable. On the surface, an optical ...

As fibre optic networks grow in both size and complexity, so does the need to monitor their performance in real time. The Optical Time Domain Reflectometer (OTDR) is a familiar instrument used by ...

Abstract: A novel Brillouin optical time-domain reflectometer using an adaptive frequency analysis (AFA) algorithm enhances spatial resolution by 2.5 times at 10 MHz frequency resolution compared to ...

Abstract: Global telecommunications heavily rely on optical fibers as the foundation of their network infrastructure, making it imperative for network operators to ensure their dependability. The ...

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A hybrid phase demodulation structure combining a 3 × 3 coupler and Sagnac interferometer is proposed to improve the spatial resolution and phase demodulation performance of the phase-sensitive ...

MFD is the effective diameter of the optical power distribution in single-mode fiber. Note that MFD typically expands somewhat beyond the light-carrying core into the cladding region; therefore, core ...